What is Circuit Protection ?

Circuit protection devices encompass various products utilized to safeguard electrical circuits from damage due to hazards like static discharge (like Transient Voltage Suppression diodes and gas discharge tubes). Additionally, they include products aimed at mitigating fire risks caused by electrical overload or circuit failure, such as fuses and circuit breakers. Complementary accessories known as Circuit Protection Accessories, including fuse holders, fuse pullers, and mounting bases for circuit breakers, are also part of this category.

What is Circuit Protection ?

Circuit protection involves deliberately installing a vulnerable component in an electrical circuit to prevent short circuits, excessive current, or high conductor temperatures. A broad array of circuit protection devices is available in the market for safeguarding electrical circuits, including electronic fuses, thyristors, gas discharge tubes (GTD), diode arrays, ESD protection, RCCBs (Residual-Current Circuit Breakers), and circuit breakers, among others.

Types of Circuit Protection Devices

There exist various types of circuit protection, including:

Circuit Breaker

This switch guards against power surges or short circuits, ensuring safety for power tools, appliances, medical equipment, and networking systems. It's an essential safety feature in homes and buildings, automatically shutting off power during electrical issues. Varieties include AFCIs, standard breakers (single-pole, double-pole), and GFCIs.

Fuse

An electrical safety device designed to protect circuits from overcurrent. A fuse comprises a thin wire that melts if current exceeds a threshold, breaking the circuit. Types include BS88 HBC, BS1361/1362 cartridge fuses, and BS3036 rewirable fuses.

RCCB (Residual Current Circuit Breaker)

Safest for promptly breaking a circuit in case of unbalanced current. Similar devices include RCDs (Residual-Current Devices) and GFCIs (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters).

Inrush Current Limiter (ICL)

A thermistor made of transition metal oxide material, it provides a single-part solution, eliminating the need for a resistor, relay, or timer. It's cost-effective, reliable without moving components, and suitable for power distribution and control.

Gas Discharge Tube (GDT)

Encased in glass, this sealed device contains an inert gas mixture between two electrodes. When voltage surpasses its rating, the gas ionizes, conducting excess electricity and redirecting it to ground for protection.

These protection methods serve diverse purposes, ensuring safety and efficiency in electrical systems.